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我們在開發網頁應用程式,時常需要去解析網址(Request.Url)的每個片段,進行一些判斷。例如說 "http://localhost:1897/News/Press/Content.aspx/123?id=1#toc ",我們想要取得網址裡第一層目錄的名字(News)用以判斷不同的頁面標題(Page Title)。
我看很多人都用字串的 IndexOf 方法與 Substring 方法:
Request.Url.PathAndQuery.Substring(1, Request.Url.PathAndQuery.IndexOf("/", 1)-1)
這實在太埋沒 .NET 的強大設計了,事實上在 Request 物件就已經提供很多方便的屬性(Property)可供取得網址的片段。
底下這張表就是各種跟 Browser Request 的網址相關的屬性與用法:網址:http://localhost:1897/News/Press/Content.aspx/123?id=1#toc | |
Request.ApplicationPath | / |
Request.PhysicalPath | D:\Projects\Solution\web\News\Press\Content.aspx |
System.IO.Path.GetDirectoryName(Request.PhysicalPath) | D:\Projects\Solution\web\News\Press |
Request.PhysicalApplicationPath | D:\Projects\Solution\web\ |
System.IO.Path.GetFileName(Request.PhysicalPath) | Content.aspx |
Request.CurrentExecutionFilePath | /News/Press/Content.aspx |
Request.FilePath | /News/Press/Content.aspx |
Request.Path | /News/Press/Content.aspx/123 |
Request.RawUrl | /News/Press/Content.aspx/123?id=1 |
Request.Url.AbsolutePath | /News/Press/Content.aspx/123 |
Request.Url.AbsoluteUri | http://localhost:1897/News/Press/Content.aspx/123?id=1 |
Request.Url.Scheme | http |
Request.Url.Host | localhost |
Request.Url.Port | 1897 |
Request.Url.Authority | localhost:1897 |
Request.Url.LocalPath | /News/Press/Content.aspx/123 |
Request.PathInfo | /123 |
Request.Url.PathAndQuery | /News/Press/Content.aspx/123?id=1 |
Request.Url.Query | ?id=1 |
Request.Url.Fragment | |
Request.Url.Segments | / News/ Press/ Content.aspx/ 123 |
所以當你看了這張表之後,你還會想用 Request.Url.PathAndQuery.Substring(1, Request.Url.PathAndQuery.IndexOf("/", 1)-1) 這種寫法嗎?
用這樣寫 Request.Url.Segments[1].Replace("/", "") 不是又短又直覺嗎? ^_^
以下是產生以上表格的程式碼:
protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); sb.Append("<table cellpadding=3 cellspacing=0 border=1>"); sb.Append("<tr><td colspan=2>"); sb.Append("網址:http://localhost:1897/News/Press/Content.aspx/123?id=1#toc"); sb.Append("</td></tr>"); // Request.ApplicationPath sb.Append("<tr><td>"); sb.Append("Request.ApplicationPath"); sb.Append("</td><td>"); sb.Append("<b>" + Request.ApplicationPath + "</b>"); sb.Append("</td></tr>"); // Request.PhysicalPath sb.Append("<tr><td>"); sb.Append("Request.PhysicalPath"); sb.Append("</td><td>"); sb.Append("<b>" + Request.PhysicalPath + "</b>"); sb.Append("</td></tr>"); // System.IO.Path.GetDirectoryName(Request.PhysicalPath) sb.Append("<tr><td>"); sb.Append("System.IO.Path.GetDirectoryName(Request.PhysicalPath)"); sb.Append("</td><td>"); sb.Append("<b>" + System.IO.Path.GetDirectoryName(Request.PhysicalPath) + "</b>"); sb.Append("</td></tr>"); // Request.PhysicalApplicationPath sb.Append("<tr><td>"); sb.Append("Request.PhysicalApplicationPath"); sb.Append("</td><td>"); sb.Append("<b>" + Request.PhysicalApplicationPath + "</b>"); sb.Append("</td></tr>"); // System.IO.Path.GetFileName(Request.PhysicalPath) sb.Append("<tr><td>"); sb.Append("System.IO.Path.GetFileName(Request.PhysicalPath)"); sb.Append("</td><td>"); sb.Append("<b>" + System.IO.Path.GetFileName(Request.PhysicalPath) + "</b>"); sb.Append("</td></tr>"); // Request.CurrentExecutionFilePath sb.Append("<tr><td>"); sb.Append("Request.CurrentExecutionFilePath"); sb.Append("</td><td>"); sb.Append("<b>" + Request.CurrentExecutionFilePath + "</b>"); sb.Append("</td></tr>"); // Request.FilePath sb.Append("<tr><td>"); sb.Append("Request.FilePath"); sb.Append("</td><td>"); sb.Append("<b>" + Request.FilePath + "</b>"); sb.Append("</td></tr>"); // Request.Path sb.Append("<tr><td>"); sb.Append("Request.Path"); sb.Append("</td><td>"); sb.Append("<b>" + Request.Path + "</b>"); sb.Append("</td></tr>"); // Request.RawUrl sb.Append("<tr><td>"); sb.Append("Request.RawUrl"); sb.Append("</td><td>"); sb.Append("<b>" + Request.RawUrl + "</b>"); sb.Append("</td></tr>"); // Request.Url.AbsolutePath sb.Append("<tr><td>"); sb.Append("Request.Url.AbsolutePath"); sb.Append("</td><td>"); sb.Append("<b>" + Request.Url.AbsolutePath + "</b>"); sb.Append("</td></tr>"); // Request.Url.AbsoluteUri sb.Append("<tr><td>"); sb.Append("Request.Url.AbsoluteUri"); sb.Append("</td><td>"); sb.Append("<b>" + Request.Url.AbsoluteUri + "</b>"); sb.Append("</td></tr>"); // Request.Url.Scheme sb.Append("<tr><td>"); sb.Append("Request.Url.Scheme"); sb.Append("</td><td>"); sb.Append("<b>" + Request.Url.Scheme + "</b>"); sb.Append("</td></tr>"); // Request.Url.Host sb.Append("<tr><td>"); sb.Append("Request.Url.Host"); sb.Append("</td><td>"); sb.Append("<b>" + Request.Url.Host + "</b>"); sb.Append("</td></tr>"); // Request.Url.Port sb.Append("<tr><td>"); sb.Append("Request.Url.Port"); sb.Append("</td><td>"); sb.Append("<b>" + Request.Url.Port + "</b>"); sb.Append("</td></tr>"); // Request.Url.Authority sb.Append("<tr><td>"); sb.Append("Request.Url.Authority"); sb.Append("</td><td>"); sb.Append("<b>" + Request.Url.Authority + "</b>"); sb.Append("</td></tr>"); // local Request.Url.LocalPath sb.Append("<tr><td>"); sb.Append("Request.Url.LocalPath"); sb.Append("</td><td>"); sb.Append("<b>" + Request.Url.LocalPath + "</b>"); sb.Append("</td></tr>"); // Request.PathInfo sb.Append("<tr><td>"); sb.Append("Request.PathInfo"); sb.Append("</td><td>"); sb.Append("<b>" + Request.PathInfo + "</b>"); sb.Append("</td></tr>"); // Request.Url.PathAndQuery sb.Append("<tr><td>"); sb.Append("Request.Url.PathAndQuery"); sb.Append("</td><td>"); sb.Append("<b>" + Request.Url.PathAndQuery + "</b>"); sb.Append("</td></tr>"); // Request.Url.Query sb.Append("<tr><td>"); sb.Append("Request.Url.Query"); sb.Append("</td><td>"); sb.Append("<b>" + Request.Url.Query + "</b>"); sb.Append("</td></tr>"); // Request.Url.Fragment // 原則上你應該無法從 Request.Url.Fragment 取得任何資料,因為通常 Browser 不會送出 #toc 這個部分 sb.Append("<tr><td>"); sb.Append("Request.Url.Fragment"); sb.Append("</td><td>"); sb.Append("<b>" + Request.Url.Fragment + "</b>"); sb.Append("</td></tr>"); // Request.Url.Segments sb.Append("<tr>"); sb.Append("<td>"); sb.Append("Request.Url.Segments"); sb.Append("</td>"); sb.Append("<td>"); string[] segments = Request.Url.Segments; foreach (string s in segments) { sb.Append("<b>" + s + "</b>"); sb.Append("<br/>"); } sb.Append("</td>"); sb.Append("</tr>"); sb.Append("</table>"); ltlTable.Text = sb.ToString(); }
注意事項
- 當程式部署(Deploy)到 IIS 6 之後,假設你的網址是http://localhost:1897/News/Press/Content.aspx/123 ? ,IIS 不知為何會將問號 ( ? ) 給刪除掉,以致於 ASP.NET 使用 Request.Url.Query 是空字串!如果你的程式有判斷到這部分時就要特別注意,因為照理說應該會抓到才對!不知道是不是 IIS 6 的 Bug ?
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